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#!/usr/bin/python
#
# Find duplicate files and do something with them.
# Copyright 2010 Lars Wirzenius
#
# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
import errno
import hashlib
import optparse
import os
import random
import stat
import sys
import time
class FileStats(object):
def __init__(self):
self.open_count = 0
self.close_count = 0
self.hit_count = 0
filestats = FileStats()
filepool = dict()
class File(object):
def __init__(self, pathname):
self.pathname = pathname
self.offset = 0
def read(self, num_bytes):
if self.pathname in filepool:
f = filepool[self.pathname]
filestats.hit_count += 1
else:
try:
f = file(self.pathname)
except IOError, e:
if e.errno != errno.EMFILE:
raise
victim = random.choice(filepool.keys())
filepool[victim].close()
del filepool[victim]
filestats.close_count += 1
f = file(self.pathname)
f.seek(self.offset)
filepool[self.pathname] = f
filestats.open_count += 1
data = f.read(num_bytes)
self.offset += len(data)
return data
def close(self):
if self.pathname in filepool:
filepool[self.pathname].close()
del filepool[self.pathname]
class DuplicateFileFinder(object):
def __init__(self, progress):
self.by_size = dict()
self.progress = progress
def collect(self, root):
if self.progress:
sys.stderr.write('Scanning %s\n' % root)
for dirname, subdirs, filenames in os.walk(root):
subdirs.sort()
filenames.sort()
pathnames = [os.path.join(dirname, f) for f in filenames]
for pathname in pathnames:
st = os.lstat(pathname)
if stat.S_ISREG(st.st_mode):
t = (st.st_dev, st.st_ino, pathname)
if st.st_size in self.by_size:
self.by_size[st.st_size].append(t)
else:
self.by_size[st.st_size] = [t]
def duplicates(self):
if self.progress:
sys.stderr.write('Looking for groups of files of same size\n')
skip = [size for size in self.by_size if len(self.by_size[size]) == 1]
for size in skip:
del self.by_size[size]
if self.progress:
sys.stderr.write('Ignored %d groups of one file each\n' % len(skip))
sys.stderr.write('There are %d groups of files of same size\n' %
len(self.by_size))
total_bytes = sum(len(tuples) * size
for size, tuples in self.by_size.iteritems())
result = []
done_bytes = 0
ith_group = 0
for size, tuples in sorted(self.by_size.iteritems()):
ith_group += 1
if self.progress:
sys.stderr.write('Group %d/%d (%d files of %d bytes)\n' %
(ith_group, len(self.by_size),
len(tuples), size))
if len(set((dev, ino) for dev, ino, pathname in tuples)) == 1:
# All duplicates are hardlinks to the same inode. Skip.
done_bytes += len(tuples) * size
else:
new_dups = self.find_duplicates([p for d, i, p in tuples])
result += new_dups
done_bytes += len(tuples) * size
return result
def find_duplicates(self, pathnames):
'''Find sets of duplicate files.
Return list of groups of identical files, where each group is a list
of pathnames to files that are identical.
'''
result = []
identical_groups = [[(x, File(x)) for x in pathnames]]
while identical_groups:
new = []
for group in identical_groups:
done, not_done = self.read_next_chunks(group)
if len(done) > 1:
result.append(done)
while not_done:
key = not_done[0][2]
temp2 = [t for t in not_done if t[2] == key]
not_done = [t for t in not_done if t[2] != key]
if len(temp2) > 1:
new.append([(pathname, f)
for pathname, f, data in temp2])
identical_groups = new
return result
def read_next_chunks(self, group):
'''Read next chunk of data in each file.
group is a list of tuples (pathname, open file). A chunk of data
is read from each file.
Return value is two lists: one with filenames that reached the
end of the file, and one with tuples (pathname, open file,
chunk).
'''
done = []
not_done = []
chunk_size = 64 * 1024
for pathname, f in group:
data = f.read(chunk_size)
if not data:
f.close()
done.append(pathname)
else:
not_done.append((pathname, f, data))
return done, not_done
def make_hardlinks(duplicates):
canonical = duplicates.pop()
for pathname in duplicates:
os.remove(pathname)
os.link(canonical, pathname)
def report(duplicates):
sys.stdout.write('\n'.join(duplicates))
sys.stdout.write('\n\n')
def main():
parser = optparse.OptionParser()
parser.add_option('--make-hardlinks', action='store_true',
help='hardlink duplicate files to each other')
parser.add_option('--progress', action='store_true',
help='report progress')
opts, args = parser.parse_args()
dupfinder = DuplicateFileFinder(opts.progress)
for dirname in sorted(args):
dupfinder.collect(dirname)
for duplicates in dupfinder.duplicates():
if opts.make_hardlinks:
make_hardlinks(duplicates)
else:
report(duplicates)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
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