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+<TITLE>The hardware and software clocks</TITLE>
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+<B> Next:</B> <A NAME="tex2html1676" HREF="node109.html">Showing and setting time</A>
+<B>Up:</B> <A NAME="tex2html1674" HREF="node106.html">Keeping Time</A>
+<B> Previous:</B> <A NAME="tex2html1668" HREF="node107.html">Time zones</A>
+<BR> <P>
+<H1><A NAME="SECTION001220000000000000000">The hardware and software clocks</A></H1>
+<P>
+ A personal computer has a battery driven hardware clock. The
+ battery ensures that the clock will work even if the rest of
+ the computer is without electricity. The hardware clock can
+ be set from the BIOS setup screen or from whatever operating
+ system is running.
+<P>
+ The Linux kernel keeps track of time independently from the
+ hardware clock. During the
+ boot, Linux sets its own clock to the same time as the hardware
+ clock. After this, both clocks run independently. Linux
+ maintains its own clock because looking at the hardware is
+ slow and complicated.
+<P>
+ The kernel clock always shows universal time. This way, the
+ kernel does not need to know about time zones at all--the simplicity
+ results in higher reliability and makes it easier to update the
+ time zone information. Each process handles time zone conversions
+ itself (using standard tools that are part of the time zone
+ package).
+<P>
+ The hardware clock can be in local time or in universal time.
+ It is usually better to have it in universal time, because
+ then you don't need to change the hardware clock when daylight
+ savings time begins or ends (UTC does not have DST). Unfortunately,
+ some PC operating systems--including MS-DOS, Windows, OS/2--assume
+ the hardware clock shows local time. Linux can handle either, but
+ if the hardware clock shows local time, then it must be modified
+ when daylight savings time begins or ends (otherwise it wouldn't
+ show local time).
+<P>
+<BR> <HR>
+<P><ADDRESS>
+<I>Lars Wirzenius <BR>
+Sat Nov 15 02:32:11 EET 1997</I>
+</ADDRESS>
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