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+<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//Norman Walsh//DTD DocBook HTML 1.0//EN">
+<HTML
+><HEAD
+><TITLE
+>The root filesystem</TITLE
+><META
+NAME="GENERATOR"
+CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet"><LINK
+REL="HOME"
+TITLE="The Linux System Administrators' Guide"
+HREF="book1.html"><LINK
+REL="UP"
+TITLE="Overview of the Directory Tree"
+HREF="c212.html"><LINK
+REL="PREVIOUS"
+TITLE="Overview of the Directory Tree"
+HREF="c212.html"><LINK
+REL="NEXT"
+TITLE="The /etc directory"
+HREF="x338.html"></HEAD
+><BODY
+BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"
+TEXT="#000000"
+><DIV
+CLASS="NAVHEADER"
+><TABLE
+WIDTH="100%"
+BORDER="0"
+CELLPADDING="0"
+CELLSPACING="0"
+><TR
+><TH
+COLSPAN="3"
+ALIGN="center"
+>The Linux System Administrators' Guide</TH
+></TR
+><TR
+><TD
+WIDTH="10%"
+ALIGN="left"
+VALIGN="bottom"
+><A
+HREF="c212.html"
+>Prev</A
+></TD
+><TD
+WIDTH="80%"
+ALIGN="center"
+VALIGN="bottom"
+>Chapter 3. Overview of the Directory Tree</TD
+><TD
+WIDTH="10%"
+ALIGN="right"
+VALIGN="bottom"
+><A
+HREF="x338.html"
+>Next</A
+></TD
+></TR
+></TABLE
+><HR
+ALIGN="LEFT"
+WIDTH="100%"></DIV
+><DIV
+CLASS="SECT1"
+><H1
+CLASS="SECT1"
+><A
+NAME="AEN267"
+>The root filesystem</A
+></H1
+><P
+>The root filesystem should generally be small, since
+	it contains very critical files and a small, infrequently
+	modified filesystem has a better chance of not getting corrupted.
+	A corrupted root filesystem will generally mean that the system
+	becomes unbootable except with special measures (e.g., from a
+	floppy), so you don't want to risk it.</P
+><P
+>The root directory generally doesn't contain any files, except
+	perhaps the standard boot image for the system, usually called
+	<TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>/vmlinuz</TT
+>.  All other files are in subdirectories in the
+	root filesystems:
+
+	<DIV
+CLASS="GLOSSLIST"
+><DL
+><DT
+><B
+><TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>/bin</TT
+></B
+></DT
+><DD
+><P
+>Commands needed during bootup
+		that might be used by normal users (probably after
+		bootup).</P
+></DD
+><DT
+><B
+><TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>/sbin</TT
+></B
+></DT
+><DD
+><P
+>Like <TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>/bin</TT
+>,
+		but the commands are not intended for normal
+		users, although they may use them if necessary and
+		allowed.</P
+></DD
+><DT
+><B
+><TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>/etc</TT
+></B
+></DT
+><DD
+><P
+>Configuration files specific to the
+		machine.</P
+></DD
+><DT
+><B
+><TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>/root</TT
+></B
+></DT
+><DD
+><P
+>The home directory for user
+		\texttt{root}.</P
+></DD
+><DT
+><B
+><TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>/lib</TT
+></B
+></DT
+><DD
+><P
+>Shared libraries needed by the programs
+		on the root filesystem.</P
+></DD
+><DT
+><B
+><TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>/lib/modules</TT
+></B
+></DT
+><DD
+><P
+>Loadable kernel modules, especially
+		those that are needed to boot the system when
+		recovering from disasters (e.g., network and filesystem
+		drivers).</P
+></DD
+><DT
+><B
+><TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>/dev</TT
+></B
+></DT
+><DD
+><P
+>Device files.</P
+></DD
+><DT
+><B
+><TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>/tmp</TT
+></B
+></DT
+><DD
+><P
+>Temporary files.  Programs running after
+		bootup should use <TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>/var/tmp</TT
+>, not
+		<TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>/tmp</TT
+>, since the former is probably
+		on a disk with more space.</P
+></DD
+><DT
+><B
+><TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>/boot</TT
+></B
+></DT
+><DD
+><P
+>Files used by the bootstrap loader,
+		e.g., LILO.  Kernel images are often kept here instead
+		of in the root directory.  If there are many kernel
+		images, the directory can easily grow rather big, and it
+		might be better to keep it in a separate filesystem.
+		Another reason would be to make sure the kernel
+		images are within the first 1024 cylinders of an IDE
+		disk.</P
+></DD
+><DT
+><B
+><TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>/mnt</TT
+></B
+></DT
+><DD
+><P
+>Mount point for temporary mounts by
+		the system administrator.  Programs aren't supposed
+		to mount on <TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>/mnt</TT
+> automatically.
+		<TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>/mnt</TT
+> might be divided into
+		subdirectories (e.g., <TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>/mnt/dosa</TT
+>
+		might be the floppy drive using an MS-DOS filesystem,
+		and <TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>/mnt/exta</TT
+> might be the same
+		with an ext2 filesystem).</P
+></DD
+><DT
+><B
+><TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>/proc</TT
+>, <TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>/usr</TT
+>, <TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>/var</TT
+>, <TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>/home</TT
+></B
+></DT
+><DD
+><P
+>Mount points for the other
+		filesystems.</P
+></DD
+></DL
+></DIV
+>
+	</P
+></DIV
+><DIV
+CLASS="NAVFOOTER"
+><HR
+ALIGN="LEFT"
+WIDTH="100%"><TABLE
+WIDTH="100%"
+BORDER="0"
+CELLPADDING="0"
+CELLSPACING="0"
+><TR
+><TD
+WIDTH="33%"
+ALIGN="left"
+VALIGN="top"
+><A
+HREF="c212.html"
+>Prev</A
+></TD
+><TD
+WIDTH="34%"
+ALIGN="center"
+VALIGN="top"
+><A
+HREF="book1.html"
+>Home</A
+></TD
+><TD
+WIDTH="33%"
+ALIGN="right"
+VALIGN="top"
+><A
+HREF="x338.html"
+>Next</A
+></TD
+></TR
+><TR
+><TD
+WIDTH="33%"
+ALIGN="left"
+VALIGN="top"
+>Overview of the Directory Tree</TD
+><TD
+WIDTH="34%"
+ALIGN="center"
+VALIGN="top"
+><A
+HREF="c212.html"
+>Up</A
+></TD
+><TD
+WIDTH="33%"
+ALIGN="right"
+VALIGN="top"
+>The <TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>/etc</TT
+> directory</TD
+></TR
+></TABLE
+></DIV
+></BODY
+></HTML
+>
+\ No newline at end of file