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diff --git a/sag-0.6.1-www/sag-0.6.1.html/x338.html b/sag-0.6.1-www/sag-0.6.1.html/x338.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..82b4d7f --- /dev/null +++ b/sag-0.6.1-www/sag-0.6.1.html/x338.html @@ -0,0 +1,524 @@ +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//Norman Walsh//DTD DocBook HTML 1.0//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>The /etc directory</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet"><LINK +REL="HOME" +TITLE="The Linux System Administrators' Guide" +HREF="book1.html"><LINK +REL="UP" +TITLE="Overview of the Directory Tree" +HREF="c212.html"><LINK +REL="PREVIOUS" +TITLE="The root filesystem" +HREF="x267.html"><LINK +REL="NEXT" +TITLE="The /dev directory" +HREF="x463.html"></HEAD +><BODY +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +><DIV +CLASS="NAVHEADER" +><TABLE +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TH +COLSPAN="3" +ALIGN="center" +>The Linux System Administrators' Guide</TH +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="x267.html" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="80%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="bottom" +>Chapter 3. Overview of the Directory Tree</TD +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="x463.html" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN338" +>The <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc</TT +> directory</A +></H1 +><P +>The <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc</TT +> directory contains a lot + of files. Some of them are described below. For others, you + should determine which program they belong to and read the manual + page for that program. Many networking configuration files are + in <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc</TT +> as well, and are described in the + <I +CLASS="CITETITLE" +>Networking Administrators' Guide</I +>. + + <DIV +CLASS="GLOSSLIST" +><DL +><DT +><B +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/rc</TT +> or <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/rc.d</TT +> or <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/rc?.d</TT +></B +></DT +><DD +><P +>Scripts or directories of scripts + to run at startup or when changing the run level. + See the chapter on <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>init</B +> for further + information. </P +></DD +><DT +><B +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/passwd</TT +></B +></DT +><DD +><P +>The user database, with fields giving + the username, real name, home directory, encrypted + password, and other information about each user. + The format is documented in the \man{passwd} manual page. + </P +></DD +><DT +><B +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/fdprm</TT +></B +></DT +><DD +><P +>Floppy disk parameter table. + Describes what different floppy disk formats look + like. Used by <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>setfdprm</B +>. See the + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>setfdprm</B +> manual page for more + information. </P +></DD +><DT +><B +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/fstab</TT +></B +></DT +><DD +><P +>Lists the filesystems mounted + automatically at startup by the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>mount + -a</B +> command (in <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/rc</TT +> + or equivalent startup file). Under Linux, also contains + information about swap areas used automatically by + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>swapon -a</B +>. See <A +HREF="x1029.html#MOUNT-AND-UMOUNT" +>the section called <I +>Mounting and unmounting</I +> in Chapter 4</A +> and the + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>mount</B +> manual page for more information. + </P +></DD +><DT +><B +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/group</TT +></B +></DT +><DD +><P +>Similar to + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/passwd</TT +>, but + describes groups instead of users. See the + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>group</B +> manual page for more information. + </P +></DD +><DT +><B +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/inittab</TT +></B +></DT +><DD +><P +>Configuration file for + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>init</B +>. </P +></DD +><DT +><B +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/issue</TT +></B +></DT +><DD +><P +>Output by <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>getty</B +> before + the login prompt. Usually contains a short description or + welcoming message to the system. The contents are up to + the system administrator. </P +></DD +><DT +><B +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/magic</TT +></B +></DT +><DD +><P +>The configuration file + for <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>file</B +>. Contains the + descriptions of various file formats based on + which <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>file</B +> guesses the type of + the file. See the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>magic</TT +> and + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>file</B +> manual pages for more information. + </P +></DD +><DT +><B +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/motd</TT +></B +></DT +><DD +><P +>The message of the day, automatically + output after a successful login. Contents are up to the + system administrator. Often used for getting information + to every user, such as warnings about planned downtimes. + </P +></DD +><DT +><B +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/mtab</TT +></B +></DT +><DD +><P +>List of currently mounted filesystems. + Initially set up by the bootup scripts, and updated + automatically by the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>mount</B +> + command. Used when a list of mounted filesystems is + needed, e.g., by the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>df</B +> command. + </P +></DD +><DT +><B +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/shadow</TT +></B +></DT +><DD +><P +>Shadow password file on systems + with shadow password software installed. + Shadow passwords move the encrypted password + from <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/passwd</TT +> into + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/shadow</TT +>; the latter is not + readable by anyone except root. This makes it harder + to crack passwords. </P +></DD +><DT +><B +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/login.defs</TT +></B +></DT +><DD +><P +>Configuration file for + the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>login</B +> command. + </P +></DD +><DT +><B +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/printcap</TT +></B +></DT +><DD +><P +>Like <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/termcap</TT +>, + but intended for printers. Different syntax. + </P +></DD +><DT +><B +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/profile</TT +>, <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/csh.login</TT +>, <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/csh.cshrc</TT +></B +></DT +><DD +><P +>Files executed at login or startup time + by the Bourne or C shells. These allow the system + administrator to set global defaults for all users. + See the manual pages for the respective shells. + </P +></DD +><DT +><B +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/securetty</TT +></B +></DT +><DD +><P +>Identifies secure terminals, i.e., + the terminals from which root is allowed to log in. + Typically only the virtual consoles are listed, so + that it becomes impossible (or at least harder) to gain + superuser privileges by breaking into a system over a + modem or a network. </P +></DD +><DT +><B +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/shells</TT +></B +></DT +><DD +><P +>Lists trusted shells. The + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>chsh</B +> command allows users to change + their login shell only to shells listed in this file. + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>ftpd</B +>, the server process that provides + FTP services for a machine, will check that the user's + shell is listed in <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/shells</TT +> + and will not let people log in unles the shell is + listed there. </P +></DD +><DT +><B +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/termcap</TT +></B +></DT +><DD +><P +>The terminal capability database. + Describes by what ``escape sequences'' various terminals + can be controlled. Programs are written so that instead + of directly outputting an escape sequence that only + works on a particular brand of terminal, they look up + the correct sequence to do whatever it is they want to + do in <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/termcap</TT +>. As a result + most programs work with most kinds of terminals. + See the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>termcap</TT +>, curs_termcap, + and <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>terminfo</TT +> manual pages for + more information. </P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +> + </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="NAVFOOTER" +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"><TABLE +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="x267.html" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="book1.html" +>Home</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="x463.html" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +>The root filesystem</TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="c212.html" +>Up</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +>The <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/dev</TT +> directory</TD +></TR +></TABLE +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
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