1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
|
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//Norman Walsh//DTD DocBook HTML 1.0//EN">
<HTML
><HEAD
><TITLE
>Changing user properties</TITLE
><META
NAME="GENERATOR"
CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet"><LINK
REL="HOME"
TITLE="The Linux System Administrators' Guide"
HREF="book1.html"><LINK
REL="UP"
TITLE="Managing user accounts"
HREF="c2018.html"><LINK
REL="PREVIOUS"
TITLE="Creating a user"
HREF="x2031.html"><LINK
REL="NEXT"
TITLE="Removing a user"
HREF="x2152.html"></HEAD
><BODY
BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"
TEXT="#000000"
><DIV
CLASS="NAVHEADER"
><TABLE
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
CELLPADDING="0"
CELLSPACING="0"
><TR
><TH
COLSPAN="3"
ALIGN="center"
>The Linux System Administrators' Guide</TH
></TR
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="10%"
ALIGN="left"
VALIGN="bottom"
><A
HREF="x2031.html"
>Prev</A
></TD
><TD
WIDTH="80%"
ALIGN="center"
VALIGN="bottom"
>Chapter 9. Managing user accounts</TD
><TD
WIDTH="10%"
ALIGN="right"
VALIGN="bottom"
><A
HREF="x2152.html"
>Next</A
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><HR
ALIGN="LEFT"
WIDTH="100%"></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT1"
><H1
CLASS="SECT1"
><A
NAME="AEN2124"
>Changing user properties</A
></H1
><P
> There are a few commands for changing various
properties of an account (i.e., the relevant field
in <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/etc/passwd</TT
>):
<DIV
CLASS="GLOSSLIST"
><DL
><DT
><B
><B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>chfn</B
></B
></DT
><DD
><P
> Change the full name field.
</P
></DD
><DT
><B
><B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>chsh</B
></B
></DT
><DD
><P
> Change the login shell.
</P
></DD
><DT
><B
><B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>passwd</B
></B
></DT
><DD
><P
>Change the password.
</P
></DD
></DL
></DIV
>
The super-user may use these commands to change the properties
of any account. Normal users can only change the properties
of their own account. It may sometimes be necessary to disable
these commands (with <B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>chmod</B
>) for normal users,
for example in an environment with many novice users. </P
><P
> Other tasks need to be done by hand. For example, to
change the username, you need to edit <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/etc/passwd</TT
>
directly (with <B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>vipw</B
>, remember). Likewise, to add
or remove the user to more groups, you need to edit
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/etc/group</TT
> (with <B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>vigr</B
>). Such tasks tend to
be rare, however, and should be done with caution: for
example, if
you change the username, e-mail will no longer reach the
user, unless you also create a mail alias.
<A
NAME="AEN2150"
HREF="#FTN.AEN2150"
>[1]</A
>
</P
></DIV
><H3
>Notes</H3
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
CLASS="FOOTNOTES"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
WIDTH="5%"
><A
NAME="FTN.AEN2150"
HREF="x2124.html#AEN2150"
>[1]</A
></TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
WIDTH="95%"
><P
>The user's name might change due to
marriage, for example, and he might want to have his
username reflect his new name.} </P
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><DIV
CLASS="NAVFOOTER"
><HR
ALIGN="LEFT"
WIDTH="100%"><TABLE
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
CELLPADDING="0"
CELLSPACING="0"
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="33%"
ALIGN="left"
VALIGN="top"
><A
HREF="x2031.html"
>Prev</A
></TD
><TD
WIDTH="34%"
ALIGN="center"
VALIGN="top"
><A
HREF="book1.html"
>Home</A
></TD
><TD
WIDTH="33%"
ALIGN="right"
VALIGN="top"
><A
HREF="x2152.html"
>Next</A
></TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="33%"
ALIGN="left"
VALIGN="top"
>Creating a user</TD
><TD
WIDTH="34%"
ALIGN="center"
VALIGN="top"
><A
HREF="c2018.html"
>Up</A
></TD
><TD
WIDTH="33%"
ALIGN="right"
VALIGN="top"
>Removing a user</TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
></BODY
></HTML
>
|
